Abordagens corporais: recurso transformador na formação do terapeuta ocupacional / Corporal approaches: transformer action in training of the occupational therapist

O objetivo deste estudo foi discutir o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de abordagens corporais no campo da Terapia Ocupacional. Os dados foram coletados durante a disciplina em abordagens corporais ministrada no curso de graduação em Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade EstadualPaulista, por meio de grupos focais realizados ao final de doze encontros presenciais com quatro horas/aula cada. O estudo foi desenvolvido com quarenta discentes matriculados na disciplina. Todos os encontros foram filmados e transcritos na íntegra, sendoos relatos analisados através do método análise de conteúdo e criação de categorias. Os resultados apontaram para percepção de que as temáticas discutidas durante os encontros possibilitaram ao discente vivenciar e construir um pensamento crítico a respeito daquilo que é próprio do cliente aproximando-o, por meio de uma abordagem holística, daquilo que é potência norteadora do processo em Terapia Ocupacional. As abordagens corporais são consideradas um recurso transformador e potente no processoensino-aprendizagem da Terapia Ocupacional e como atividade formativa investigativa na construção das compreensões da prática profissional do terapeuta ocupacional em situações desingularidade, complexidade, incerteza e conflito de valores.

The objective of this study was to discuss the teaching-learning process of corporal approaches in the Occupational Therapy fi eld. The informations were collected during the classes, in the body approaches matter, administered in the fourth period of the graduate program in OccupationalTherapy of the Universidade Estadual Paulista, through focus groups conducted at the end of all twelve-face meetings with classes of four hours each. The study was realized by fortystudents enrolled in the discipline. All meetings were filmed, which allowed the full transcript and analysis of the students reports. The speeches analysis consisted of content analysis and categories creation. The results indicated to the perception of the thematic discussed during the meetings enabled the student to experienceand build critical thinking about what is proper the client, and through a holistic approach, about what is guiding the potency of the Occupational Therapy process. The body approaches are considered a feature powerfull transformer in the teaching-learning of occupational therapy as an investigative and formative activityin the understandings’ construction of the professional practice of occupational therapists in situations of uniqueness, complexity, uncertainty and conflict in the value process.

Spirit(ed) Away: Preventing Foetal Alcohol Syndrome with Motivational Interviewing and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

Foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a growing concern in South Africa. In the Western Cape; prevalence rates for FAS are the highest in the world. Not surprisingly; the Western Cape also has some of the highest levels of alcohol consumption per capita. Although FAS is primarily caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy; the high rate of FAS in South Africa originates from a multitude of complex factors. These factors include heritage; poverty; high levels of unemployment and low-paid menial jobs; depression; low self-esteem; low self-efficacy; increased accessibility to alcohol; lack of recreation; poor education; familial pressure; denial; cultural misconceptions and the smaller physiques of some of the women in the Western Cape. Holistic and comprehensive macro- and micro-level approaches are necessary in order to change the alcohol consumption trend that has developed over the last 300 years. No single strategy will reduce or eliminate the burden of alcohol misuse in this society. However; as the presented discussion suggests; combining the spirit of motivational interviewing (MI) with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) practice; borrowed from health psychological interventions for lifestyle-related chronic health conditions; holds promise for reducing the prevalence of FAS within Western Cape communities. These individual-based approaches have yet to be employed in South Africa despite the wealth of evidence that demonstrates their potential in targeting high-risk groups and reducing per capita alcohol consumption